Professor Emeritus
Email: paul.watkinson@ubc.ca
Research Summary
Gasification, Heat Exchange Fouling
Education
University of British Columbia, 1969, Ph.D., Chemical Engineering
University of British Columbia, 1966, M.A.Sc., Chemical Engineering
McMaster University, 1962, B.Eng., Chemical Engineering
Research interests + projects
Dr. Watkinson’s current research falls primarily into two main areas:
Biomass gasification, and deposition and fouling of heat exchangers and process equipment
Scholarly and professional activities + affiliations
Chemical Institute of Canada
Canadian Society of Chemical Engineers
Selected publications + presentations
A.P. Watkinson, Y-H Li, C. Haligva (2016) “Freeboard Tar Destruction Unit” U.S. Patent 9, 364,812
M.S. Masnadi , J.R. Grace, X.T. Bi, C. J. Lim, N. Ellis, Y-H Li, A.P. Watkinson (2015) “From coal towards renewables: Catalytic/Synergistic effects during steam co-gasification of switchgrass and coal in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor” Renewable Energy 83, 918-930
M.S. Masnadi, J.R. Grace, X.T. Bi, C. J. Lim, N. Ellis,Y-H Li, A.P. Watkinson (2015) “Single-fuel steam gasification of switchgrass and coal in a bubbling fluidized bed: A comprehensive parameter reference for co-gasification study” Energy 80, 133-147
W. Wang and A.P. Watkinson (2015) “Deposition from a Sour Heavy Oil Under incipient Coking Conditions: Effects of Surface Materials and temperature” Heat Transfer Engineering 36, 623-631
W. Wang and A.P. Watkinson (2015) “Deposition from a Sour Heavy Oil Under incipient Coking Conditions: Wall Shear Stress Effects and Mechanism” Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning XI, (Refereed Re-print) www.heatexchanger-fouling.com Paper #9
J. Song, P. Watkinson, F. Taghipour, D. Posarac, B. Petkovic (2014) “Deposition of Heavy Oil Droplets onto a Circular Disk at Elevated temperatures” Can. J. Chem. Eng. 92, 1481-1487.
B. Petkovic and A.P. Watkinson (2014) “Fouling of a Heated Rod in a Stirred tank System” Heat Transfer Engineering 35(3) 302-10.
Watkinson, AP and ACL Lisboa (2011) “Gasification, pyrolysis and combustion” : Chapt 15 in Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds, N Epstein, J Grace ( Eds), Cambridge University Press, UK.
Watkinson, AP, Z Fan, B Petkovic (2011) ”Extending Fouling Concepts from Heat Exchangers to Process Equipment” Proc. Int. Conf. Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, Crete Island, Greece pp15-22. Published on-line www.heatexchanger-fouling.com
Wang, W and AP Watkinson (2011) “Iron Sulphide and Coke Fouling from Sour Oils:Review and Initial Experiments” Proc. Int. Conf. Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, Crete Island, Greece pp23-30. Published on-line www.heatexchanger-fouling.com
Lakghomi, B, F Taghipour, D Posarac, AP Watkinson (2011) “CFD Simulation of Aerosol Flow and Hydrocarbon Fouling on a Circular Disk” Chemical Engineering Journal 172, 507-516.
Fan, Z and AP Watkinson (2011)”Kinetics and Structural Evolution During Aging of Coker Vapor Deposits” Heat Transfer Engineering 32 (3-4) 237-247.
Li YH and AP Watkinson (2011) “Deposit Formation during Evaporation of a Pulp Mill Effluent” Heat Transfer Engineering 13 (3-4) 258-63.
Sakaguchi, M, AP Watkinson, and N Ellis (2010) “Steam Gasification of Bio-oil and Bio-oil/Char Slurry in a Fluidized Bed Reactor” EnergyFuels 24, 5181-5189.
Sakaguchi, M, AP Watkinson and N Ellis (2010) “Steam Gasification Reactivity of Char from Rapid Pyrolysis of Bio-oil/Char Slurry” FUEL 89, 3078-3084
Watkinson AP and YH Li (2009) “Fouling Characteristics of a Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil in the Presence of Dissolved Oxygen” ibid, pp 27-32.
Hong, and AP Watkinson (2009) “Precipitation and Fouling in Heavy Oil-Diluent Blends”
Heat Transfer Engineering 30(10-11) 786-793.
Watkinson, AP (2007) “Deposition from Crude Oils in Heat Exchangers” Heat Transfer Engineering 26, 177-184.
Li, YH, AP Watkinson, P Hererra, F Fahiminia and M James (2007) “Formation of Gum and deposits in an Oxygenated Naphtha Stream” ECI Sym. Ser. Vol. RP5, BePress http://services.bepress.com/eci/heatexchanger2007/2 pp80-89.
Fahiminia, F, AP Watkinson and N Epstein (2007) ”Experiments and Modeling of Calcium Sulphate Precipitation under Sensible Heating Conditions: Initial Fouling and Bulk Precipitation Studies” ECI Sym. Ser. Vol. RP5, BePress http://services.bepress.com/eci/heatexchanger2007/2 pp175-184
Fahiminia, F, AP Watkinson and N Epstein (2007) “Early Events in the Precipitation Fouling of Calcium Sulphate Dihydrate under Sensible Heating Conditions” Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 85 679-691; Erratum p 948
Watkinson, AP, YH Li, X Bi, JR Grace, CJ Lim (2006) “ Formation of dioxins during combustion of salt-laden hog fuel” in Science in Thermal and Chemical Biomass Conversion, CPL Press, UK Bridgwater & Boocock ( Eds.) Vol.1, pp82-97.
Li, YH, AP Watkinson, PV Barr (2006) “Firing a pilot lime kiln with bio-oil “, ibid., Vol. 2, pp1491-1503.
Fan, Z and AP Watkinson (2006) “Formation and Characteristics of Carbonaceous Deposits from Heavy Hydrocarbon Coking Vapors” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. Paper 45, 6428-6435.
Fan Z and AP Watkinson (2006) “Aging of Carbonaceous Deposits from Heavy Hydrocarbon Vapors” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 45, 6104-6110